2011 Vol. 29, No. 5
Display Method:
2011, 29(5): 321-323,346.
Abstract:
With the increasing competition of nuclear arms in the world and the newly emerging of nuclear technological research methods, nuclear radiation had resulted in tremendous injuries for human being. How to strengthen the emergency protection and the medical remedy for the nuclear accidents and the radiation injuries had become an important question . Based on the clinical manifestation of the nuclear radiation, the advance on the medicine of prevention and therapy in nuclear radiation accidents in the aspects of combined modality therapy, cytokine, sulfhydryl compounds and herbs were reviewed. The development and utilization of antiradiation drug were prospected.
With the increasing competition of nuclear arms in the world and the newly emerging of nuclear technological research methods, nuclear radiation had resulted in tremendous injuries for human being. How to strengthen the emergency protection and the medical remedy for the nuclear accidents and the radiation injuries had become an important question . Based on the clinical manifestation of the nuclear radiation, the advance on the medicine of prevention and therapy in nuclear radiation accidents in the aspects of combined modality therapy, cytokine, sulfhydryl compounds and herbs were reviewed. The development and utilization of antiradiation drug were prospected.
2011, 29(5): 324-327.
Abstract:
Common therapies of breast cancer such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy had severe systemic side effects. To reduce those side effects, developing strategies of targeted therapy was necessary. Three research fields on targeted therapy of breast cancer were reviewed in this paper: antibody based breast cancer therapy, microcarrier mediated breast cancer therapy, breast cancer stem cell targeted therapy. The ideas of the tree strategies had been illustrated and the challenges existing in the strategies also been analyzed. Some opinions had been put forward to solve this challenges.
Common therapies of breast cancer such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy had severe systemic side effects. To reduce those side effects, developing strategies of targeted therapy was necessary. Three research fields on targeted therapy of breast cancer were reviewed in this paper: antibody based breast cancer therapy, microcarrier mediated breast cancer therapy, breast cancer stem cell targeted therapy. The ideas of the tree strategies had been illustrated and the challenges existing in the strategies also been analyzed. Some opinions had been put forward to solve this challenges.
2011, 29(5): 328-330,335.
Abstract:
A relatively complete summary on the anti-tumor component gnidimacrin was introduced, which was extracted from Stellera chamaejasma L. The research status of gnidimacrin's antitumor mechanism and its clinical application were reviewed. A further analysis on the feasibility and attenuated efficiency programs of the Gnidimacrin as an antitumor drug was made. The review could provide reference to exert the enormous potential of Chinese traditional medicine as much as possible and to deeply excavate the effective monomers.
A relatively complete summary on the anti-tumor component gnidimacrin was introduced, which was extracted from Stellera chamaejasma L. The research status of gnidimacrin's antitumor mechanism and its clinical application were reviewed. A further analysis on the feasibility and attenuated efficiency programs of the Gnidimacrin as an antitumor drug was made. The review could provide reference to exert the enormous potential of Chinese traditional medicine as much as possible and to deeply excavate the effective monomers.
2011, 29(5): 331-335.
Abstract:
Timosaponins and their sapogenins were the major active components from a commonly used Chinese herbal medicine, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma. Studies showed that they had a broad range of pharmacological effects such as improving senile dementia, preventing cerebral ischemia, anti-coagulated blood, anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, anti-osteoporosis, anti-inflammation, lowering blood pressure, lowering blood sugar and lowering blood fat. Recent advances in the above biological activities were reviewed in this paper.
Timosaponins and their sapogenins were the major active components from a commonly used Chinese herbal medicine, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma. Studies showed that they had a broad range of pharmacological effects such as improving senile dementia, preventing cerebral ischemia, anti-coagulated blood, anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, anti-osteoporosis, anti-inflammation, lowering blood pressure, lowering blood sugar and lowering blood fat. Recent advances in the above biological activities were reviewed in this paper.
2011, 29(5): 336-338,390.
Abstract:
Sirolimus, a kind of macrolide antibiotics, was widely used in clinical as immunosuppressive agents. In recently research, it had been found that sirolimus had potent biologic activities in terms of anti-inflammatory, immunosuppression, anti-neoplasms, anti-atherosclerosis, anti-aging, neuroprotection and so on. The progress pharmacological effects in the past ten years and forecaesd and the development prospects of sirolimus were reviewed in this paper.
Sirolimus, a kind of macrolide antibiotics, was widely used in clinical as immunosuppressive agents. In recently research, it had been found that sirolimus had potent biologic activities in terms of anti-inflammatory, immunosuppression, anti-neoplasms, anti-atherosclerosis, anti-aging, neuroprotection and so on. The progress pharmacological effects in the past ten years and forecaesd and the development prospects of sirolimus were reviewed in this paper.
2011, 29(5): 339-341,349.
Abstract:
Objective To screen the effective components from roots of Aconitum carmichaeli by a cell membrane chromatography (CMC) combining with a HPLC-TOF/MS method. Methods Screening was conducted on a rat cardiac muscle CMC column, and mobile phase was 10 mmol/L phosphate buffer with a flow rate of 0.2 ml/min. Separation was conducted on a SHISEIDO CAPCELL PAK C18 column. The mobile phase consisted of 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile using gradient elution with a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. Identification was conducted by using TOF/MS in positive ion mode. Results Eight potential effective constituents were determined. Conclusion The combination of CMC and HPLC-TOF/MS method had provided a new way to discover active components targeting membrane receptors from natural products.
Objective To screen the effective components from roots of Aconitum carmichaeli by a cell membrane chromatography (CMC) combining with a HPLC-TOF/MS method. Methods Screening was conducted on a rat cardiac muscle CMC column, and mobile phase was 10 mmol/L phosphate buffer with a flow rate of 0.2 ml/min. Separation was conducted on a SHISEIDO CAPCELL PAK C18 column. The mobile phase consisted of 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile using gradient elution with a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. Identification was conducted by using TOF/MS in positive ion mode. Results Eight potential effective constituents were determined. Conclusion The combination of CMC and HPLC-TOF/MS method had provided a new way to discover active components targeting membrane receptors from natural products.
2011, 29(5): 342-346.
Abstract:
Objective To analyze chemical constituents of Lotus leaf by rapid-resolution (high performance) liquid chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-TOF/MS). Methods A Agilent Zorbax SB-Aq column(250 mm×4.6mm,5μm) was used to separate. The mobile phase consisted of water containing 1.0 ％ ethylic acid and acetonitrile was used as gradient elute. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min. TOF/MS was applied for qualitative analysis under positive ion mode. Results Under LC/MS condition, the major constituents of alkaloids and flavones in Lotus leaf were identified by time of flight mass spectrometry and structure-relevant fragment ions. Conclution The method of HPLC-TOF/MS was established to identify the chemical constituents of Lotus leaf which was simple and reliable.
Objective To analyze chemical constituents of Lotus leaf by rapid-resolution (high performance) liquid chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-TOF/MS). Methods A Agilent Zorbax SB-Aq column(250 mm×4.6mm,5μm) was used to separate. The mobile phase consisted of water containing 1.0 ％ ethylic acid and acetonitrile was used as gradient elute. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min. TOF/MS was applied for qualitative analysis under positive ion mode. Results Under LC/MS condition, the major constituents of alkaloids and flavones in Lotus leaf were identified by time of flight mass spectrometry and structure-relevant fragment ions. Conclution The method of HPLC-TOF/MS was established to identify the chemical constituents of Lotus leaf which was simple and reliable.
2011, 29(5): 347-349.
Abstract:
Objective To establish a method for simultaneous determination of phenol and camphor in compound camphor liniment by HPLC. Methods The separation was performed on a Kromasil C18 analytical column(150 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm)with the mobile phase consisting of methanol-water(55:45).The detection wavelength was 287 nm.The flow rate was 0.8 ml/min. Results The standard curves were linear in the range of 103.4~827.2 μg/ml for phenol (r=0.999 1, n=5) and 205.1~1 640.8μg/ml(r=0.999 5, n=5)for camphor. The average recoveries of phenol and camphor were 99.61%(RSD=1.19%, n=9) and 99.83%(RSD=1.18%, n=9). Conclusion The method was simple and accurate with a good reproducibility, and could be used as a quality control method for compound camphor liniment.
Objective To establish a method for simultaneous determination of phenol and camphor in compound camphor liniment by HPLC. Methods The separation was performed on a Kromasil C18 analytical column(150 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm)with the mobile phase consisting of methanol-water(55:45).The detection wavelength was 287 nm.The flow rate was 0.8 ml/min. Results The standard curves were linear in the range of 103.4~827.2 μg/ml for phenol (r=0.999 1, n=5) and 205.1~1 640.8μg/ml(r=0.999 5, n=5)for camphor. The average recoveries of phenol and camphor were 99.61%(RSD=1.19%, n=9) and 99.83%(RSD=1.18%, n=9). Conclusion The method was simple and accurate with a good reproducibility, and could be used as a quality control method for compound camphor liniment.
2011, 29(5): 350-352,371.
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Objective To establish a LC-MS/MS method for the determination of pseudoephedrine concentration in plasma, and to investigate the pharmacokinetics of sustained release tablets of cetirizine hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride in Chinese healthy volunteers. Methods The plasma concentrations of pseudoephedrine were determined by LC-MS/MS method in the volunteers at different time points. Amantadine hydrochloride was used as internal standard. After precipitation of the plasma proteins with acetonitrile, the analytes were separated on an agilent zorbax SB-C18 reversed-phase column with methanol -0.1% formic acid (40:60, v/v) and detected by electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry in positive multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The flow rate was 0.3 ml/min. Column temperature was maintained at 30 ℃. Results The calibration curves with good linearities (r=0.995 2 for plasma sample) were obtained in the range of 2.5~1 000.0 ng/ml for pseudoephedrine. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 2.5 ng/ml. Recoveries were around 78% for the extraction from human plasma, and good precision and accuracy were achieved. The intra-day and inter-day RSD were less than 15.0%. Conclution This method was simple, selective and sensitive. It's suitable for the pharmacokinetic research of pseudoephedrine in human plasma.
Objective To establish a LC-MS/MS method for the determination of pseudoephedrine concentration in plasma, and to investigate the pharmacokinetics of sustained release tablets of cetirizine hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride in Chinese healthy volunteers. Methods The plasma concentrations of pseudoephedrine were determined by LC-MS/MS method in the volunteers at different time points. Amantadine hydrochloride was used as internal standard. After precipitation of the plasma proteins with acetonitrile, the analytes were separated on an agilent zorbax SB-C18 reversed-phase column with methanol -0.1% formic acid (40:60, v/v) and detected by electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry in positive multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The flow rate was 0.3 ml/min. Column temperature was maintained at 30 ℃. Results The calibration curves with good linearities (r=0.995 2 for plasma sample) were obtained in the range of 2.5~1 000.0 ng/ml for pseudoephedrine. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 2.5 ng/ml. Recoveries were around 78% for the extraction from human plasma, and good precision and accuracy were achieved. The intra-day and inter-day RSD were less than 15.0%. Conclution This method was simple, selective and sensitive. It's suitable for the pharmacokinetic research of pseudoephedrine in human plasma.
2011, 29(5): 353-355,375.
Abstract:
Objective To develop a UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of sirolimus in whole blood of beagle dog. Methods Sirolimus and internal standard Tacrolimus were extracted from whole blood with liquid-liquid extraction,then separated on a Agilent C18 column (50 mm ×2.1 mm,1.7 μm) at the flow-rate of 0.30 ml/min. The mobile phase was Acetonitrile-water (90∶10) and the column temperature was 50 ℃. Electrospray ionization ( ESI) source was applied and operated in the positive ion mode. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with the transitions of m/z 936.6→409.7 and m/z 826.6→415.4 were used to quantify sirolimus and the internal standard,respectively. Results The calibration linea range of blood-Sirolimu concentrations was 0.50~12.00 ng/ml(r=0.999 7).The low limit of quantification was 0.50 ng/ml . The intra-and inter-day precisions (RSDs) were less than 15%. The method recoveries were more than 90% . The extraction recoveries were more than 76%. Conclusions The method was specific,sensitive,rapid and suitable for the pharmacokinetic study of sirolimus in whole blood of beagle dog.
Objective To develop a UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of sirolimus in whole blood of beagle dog. Methods Sirolimus and internal standard Tacrolimus were extracted from whole blood with liquid-liquid extraction,then separated on a Agilent C18 column (50 mm ×2.1 mm,1.7 μm) at the flow-rate of 0.30 ml/min. The mobile phase was Acetonitrile-water (90∶10) and the column temperature was 50 ℃. Electrospray ionization ( ESI) source was applied and operated in the positive ion mode. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with the transitions of m/z 936.6→409.7 and m/z 826.6→415.4 were used to quantify sirolimus and the internal standard,respectively. Results The calibration linea range of blood-Sirolimu concentrations was 0.50~12.00 ng/ml(r=0.999 7).The low limit of quantification was 0.50 ng/ml . The intra-and inter-day precisions (RSDs) were less than 15%. The method recoveries were more than 90% . The extraction recoveries were more than 76%. Conclusions The method was specific,sensitive,rapid and suitable for the pharmacokinetic study of sirolimus in whole blood of beagle dog.
2011, 29(5): 356-357,365.
Abstract:
Objective To study the crystal differences of azithromycin precipitated in ethanol-water mixed solvents. Methods By differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray powder diffraction and C-NMR analysis, the polymorphism of azithromycin were discussed by change the conditions of precipitation to precipitate crystal in ethanol-water mixed solvents. Results 4 kinds of azithromycin isample which had different DTA and XRD characteristics were acquired. Conclusions The DTA and X-ray diffraction characters of azithromycin were obtained, and conditions such as temperature and pressure could expand the research thinking of crystallization.
Objective To study the crystal differences of azithromycin precipitated in ethanol-water mixed solvents. Methods By differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray powder diffraction and C-NMR analysis, the polymorphism of azithromycin were discussed by change the conditions of precipitation to precipitate crystal in ethanol-water mixed solvents. Results 4 kinds of azithromycin isample which had different DTA and XRD characteristics were acquired. Conclusions The DTA and X-ray diffraction characters of azithromycin were obtained, and conditions such as temperature and pressure could expand the research thinking of crystallization.
2011, 29(5): 358-361.
Abstract:
Objective To study the antifungal activity of triazole alcohols which introduce isopropyl as side chain. Methods By introduction of 4-carboxylic ester substituted benzyl group as side chain, a series of title compounds were synthesized. All of them were confirmed by MS, 1H-NMR, et al. The antifungal activities were also evaluated against eight tested pathogenic fungi. Results Fourteen title compounds were synthesized. All title compounds exhibited activity against tested fungi to some extent. Compounds (1) and (2) exhibited stronger antifungal activities against eight fungi except Aspergillus fumigatus than the control drug of itraconazole. Conclusions The introduction of 4-carboxylic ester substituted benzyl group as side chain was beneficial to improve their antifungal activity. The shorter in the side chain , the better of the antifungal activity.
Objective To study the antifungal activity of triazole alcohols which introduce isopropyl as side chain. Methods By introduction of 4-carboxylic ester substituted benzyl group as side chain, a series of title compounds were synthesized. All of them were confirmed by MS, 1H-NMR, et al. The antifungal activities were also evaluated against eight tested pathogenic fungi. Results Fourteen title compounds were synthesized. All title compounds exhibited activity against tested fungi to some extent. Compounds (1) and (2) exhibited stronger antifungal activities against eight fungi except Aspergillus fumigatus than the control drug of itraconazole. Conclusions The introduction of 4-carboxylic ester substituted benzyl group as side chain was beneficial to improve their antifungal activity. The shorter in the side chain , the better of the antifungal activity.
2011, 29(5): 362-365.
Abstract:
Objective To study the antiplatelet aggregative activity of 6-(4-substitued acetamino-phenyl 4, 5-dihydro-3(2H)-pyridazinones with different substituted secondary amines. Methods Ten target compounds were designed and synthesized.All of them were confirmed by 1H-NMR spectra. Born method was applied for preliminary pharmacological test in vitro. Results All of the target compounds were not reported.The results of preliminary pharmacological test showed that all the target compounds exhibited potent anti-platelet aggregative activity to a certain extent.Compounds 9c, 9f and 9j were better than MCI-154 and CCI-17910 in vitro. Conclution The steric hindrance and hydrophilicity of different substituted secondary amines impact the anti-platelete aggative activity.
Objective To study the antiplatelet aggregative activity of 6-(4-substitued acetamino-phenyl 4, 5-dihydro-3(2H)-pyridazinones with different substituted secondary amines. Methods Ten target compounds were designed and synthesized.All of them were confirmed by 1H-NMR spectra. Born method was applied for preliminary pharmacological test in vitro. Results All of the target compounds were not reported.The results of preliminary pharmacological test showed that all the target compounds exhibited potent anti-platelet aggregative activity to a certain extent.Compounds 9c, 9f and 9j were better than MCI-154 and CCI-17910 in vitro. Conclution The steric hindrance and hydrophilicity of different substituted secondary amines impact the anti-platelete aggative activity.
2011, 29(5): 366-368.
Abstract:
Objective To study the protective effect of Shugananlening extract on acute alcoholic hepatic injury in mice. Methods The model of hepatic injury was prepared by intragastric infusion of alcohol, the change of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) in serum and liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and triglyceride (TG) were observed. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes in liver. Results The level of ALT, AST, TG and MDA were significantly reduced and the activity of SOD was enhanced by different doses of Shugananlening Extract. Furthermore, the pathological injury was also significantly abated by high-dose and middle-dose of Shugananlening Extract. Conclusion Shugananlening extract had a good protective effect on acute alcoholic hepatic injury in mice. The mechanisms probably contributed to the decrease of lipid peroxide and fatty sediment in liver.
Objective To study the protective effect of Shugananlening extract on acute alcoholic hepatic injury in mice. Methods The model of hepatic injury was prepared by intragastric infusion of alcohol, the change of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) in serum and liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and triglyceride (TG) were observed. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes in liver. Results The level of ALT, AST, TG and MDA were significantly reduced and the activity of SOD was enhanced by different doses of Shugananlening Extract. Furthermore, the pathological injury was also significantly abated by high-dose and middle-dose of Shugananlening Extract. Conclusion Shugananlening extract had a good protective effect on acute alcoholic hepatic injury in mice. The mechanisms probably contributed to the decrease of lipid peroxide and fatty sediment in liver.
2011, 29(5): 369-371.
Abstract:
Objective To validate the determination method of microbacteria limit of compound shenqi wuwei chewable tables. Methods Plate counting method was used.The method of counting bacteria and mould was validated by the recovery rates with 5 control trains.The method of checking control bacteria was validated by observing cultivation of Escherichia coli coliform in the test group, positive control group and negetivu control group under the same environment. Results The recovery rate of every trail bacteria was higher than 70% when common methods were used in the counting bacteria and mould;To the examination of control bacteria, Escherichia coli coliform was detected in the test group and positive control group, and hadn't been detected in the negative control group. Conclusion The method was simple, feasible ,reliable and could be used for the examination of microbacteria limit.
Objective To validate the determination method of microbacteria limit of compound shenqi wuwei chewable tables. Methods Plate counting method was used.The method of counting bacteria and mould was validated by the recovery rates with 5 control trains.The method of checking control bacteria was validated by observing cultivation of Escherichia coli coliform in the test group, positive control group and negetivu control group under the same environment. Results The recovery rate of every trail bacteria was higher than 70% when common methods were used in the counting bacteria and mould;To the examination of control bacteria, Escherichia coli coliform was detected in the test group and positive control group, and hadn't been detected in the negative control group. Conclusion The method was simple, feasible ,reliable and could be used for the examination of microbacteria limit.
2011, 29(5): 372-375.
Abstract:
Objective To study the preparation method of compound Shenshe lotion. Methods The preparation method was optimized by orthogonal design and the determination method was constructed. The pharmacological effects of compound Shenshe lotion including the anti-inflammation, bacteriostasis and anti-pruritus were studied. Results The preparation and quality control methods were stable and reliable. The compound Shenshe lotion had apparent effects of anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and anti-pruritic. Conclusions The compound Shenshe lotion was feasible for the clinical application.
Objective To study the preparation method of compound Shenshe lotion. Methods The preparation method was optimized by orthogonal design and the determination method was constructed. The pharmacological effects of compound Shenshe lotion including the anti-inflammation, bacteriostasis and anti-pruritus were studied. Results The preparation and quality control methods were stable and reliable. The compound Shenshe lotion had apparent effects of anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and anti-pruritic. Conclusions The compound Shenshe lotion was feasible for the clinical application.
2011, 29(5): 376-378.
Abstract:
Objective To develop a high performance liquid chromatograph method for determination of gentiopicrin in Fuzhengpingxiao capsule which could be used as a quality control indicator. Methods The separation was performed by 1100 series high performance liquid chromatograph, on an Agilent Zorbax XDB-C8 column (4.6 mm×150 mm, 5 μm),using the methanol-water (19:81) as the mobile phase, and the analysis was detected by UV spectrometry at 275 nm with flowing rate at 1 ml/min, the column tempreture was 25 ℃. Results He correlation coefficient of the calibration curve was better than 1 in the range 4.88~97.60 μg/ml and the calibration curve was Y=23.82X－7.170. The relative standard deviation(RSD) of day to day precision was less than 3% and within-day precision was less than 2%. The lowest limit of quantification was 0.244 μg/ml.The sample recovery of Fuzhengpingxiao capsule was 99.39%. Conclusions This quantitative assay with better specificity, higher sensibility and could be used to determinate gentiopicrin in Fuzhengpingxiao capsule.
Objective To develop a high performance liquid chromatograph method for determination of gentiopicrin in Fuzhengpingxiao capsule which could be used as a quality control indicator. Methods The separation was performed by 1100 series high performance liquid chromatograph, on an Agilent Zorbax XDB-C8 column (4.6 mm×150 mm, 5 μm),using the methanol-water (19:81) as the mobile phase, and the analysis was detected by UV spectrometry at 275 nm with flowing rate at 1 ml/min, the column tempreture was 25 ℃. Results He correlation coefficient of the calibration curve was better than 1 in the range 4.88~97.60 μg/ml and the calibration curve was Y=23.82X－7.170. The relative standard deviation(RSD) of day to day precision was less than 3% and within-day precision was less than 2%. The lowest limit of quantification was 0.244 μg/ml.The sample recovery of Fuzhengpingxiao capsule was 99.39%. Conclusions This quantitative assay with better specificity, higher sensibility and could be used to determinate gentiopicrin in Fuzhengpingxiao capsule.
2011, 29(5): 379-381,400.
Abstract:
Objective To establish a HPLC method for the determination of three phenylethanoid glycosides in Phlomis younghusbandii. Methods HPLC analysis was performed on Symmetry C18 (4.6 mm×150 mm, 5 μm) column and the mixture of methanol-water (36:64, pH=4.5, HAc) was used as the mobile phase with a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The column temperature was 20 ℃ and the detection wavelength was 330 nm. Results The linear ranges of acteoside,alyssonoside,isoacteoside were 20~500(r=0.999 6), 10~130(r=0.999 5), 10~130 (r=0.999 7) μg/ml, respectively. The average recoveries (n=6) of them were all between 96% and 104%, RSD<5%. Conclusions This method was special, sensitive, accurate and with good repeatability, which could be used for quality control of Phlomis younghusbandii.
Objective To establish a HPLC method for the determination of three phenylethanoid glycosides in Phlomis younghusbandii. Methods HPLC analysis was performed on Symmetry C18 (4.6 mm×150 mm, 5 μm) column and the mixture of methanol-water (36:64, pH=4.5, HAc) was used as the mobile phase with a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The column temperature was 20 ℃ and the detection wavelength was 330 nm. Results The linear ranges of acteoside,alyssonoside,isoacteoside were 20~500(r=0.999 6), 10~130(r=0.999 5), 10~130 (r=0.999 7) μg/ml, respectively. The average recoveries (n=6) of them were all between 96% and 104%, RSD<5%. Conclusions This method was special, sensitive, accurate and with good repeatability, which could be used for quality control of Phlomis younghusbandii.
2011, 29(5): 382-383,393.
Abstract:
Objective To investigate and analyze the distribution of chemical drugs registered by State Food and Drug Administration(SFDA) in 2009. Methods The data of registered chemical drugs in 2009 including names, approval numbers, medication classifications and whether it belongs to national essential drugs or not were collected from SFDA website. Statistical analysis was implemented by Excel. Results 1 583 chemical drugs were registered which involved 489 generic chemical drugs. The most registered drugs according approval numbers were antibacterial agents, central nervous system agents and digestive system agents in turn. Conclusion The situation of chemical drugs registration in 2009 was still unsatisfied. The distribution of registration categories couldn't meet the requirement of public. The same generic drug had too much approval numbers. The productions of Antibacterial agents were competitive. A new indication of small climax of essential drugs registration appears at the same time.
Objective To investigate and analyze the distribution of chemical drugs registered by State Food and Drug Administration(SFDA) in 2009. Methods The data of registered chemical drugs in 2009 including names, approval numbers, medication classifications and whether it belongs to national essential drugs or not were collected from SFDA website. Statistical analysis was implemented by Excel. Results 1 583 chemical drugs were registered which involved 489 generic chemical drugs. The most registered drugs according approval numbers were antibacterial agents, central nervous system agents and digestive system agents in turn. Conclusion The situation of chemical drugs registration in 2009 was still unsatisfied. The distribution of registration categories couldn't meet the requirement of public. The same generic drug had too much approval numbers. The productions of Antibacterial agents were competitive. A new indication of small climax of essential drugs registration appears at the same time.
2011, 29(5): 384-386.
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the main factors affecting productivity of pharmacy, for providing a basis to improve pharmacy productivity. Method First, 61 hospital pharmacies were divided into four groups according to the numbers of beds. Then, annual per capita income from pharmaceuticals(APCIP) and annual income from pharmaceuticals per hundred beds(AIPPHB) were detected as output indicators, and the actual beds, staffs, the quantity of daily dispensing prescription, hospital grade, the proportion of pharmacy staffs with medium technical titles or above, etc. were detected as input indicators. Last, the above data and the indicators were analyzed with multiple linear regression method. Results and Conclusion There are differences in pharmacy productivities in different hospital sizes and grades.The pharmacy APCIP in hospitals less than 400 beds is 583,100 RMB, in hospitals between 400 and 599 beds is 1,048,700 RMB, in hospitals between 600 and 799 beds is 1,412,000 RMB, and in hospitals greater than 800 beds is 2,050,000 RMB. For hospitals with a relatively small number of beds, increasing the quantity of daily dispensing prescription or reducing the amount of staffs can improve pharmacy productivities. For hospitals with a relatively large number of beds, increasing the proportion of pharmacy staffs with medium technical titles or above, or the proportion of pharmacy staffs with bachelor degree or above can improve pharmacy productivities.
Objective To analyze the main factors affecting productivity of pharmacy, for providing a basis to improve pharmacy productivity. Method First, 61 hospital pharmacies were divided into four groups according to the numbers of beds. Then, annual per capita income from pharmaceuticals(APCIP) and annual income from pharmaceuticals per hundred beds(AIPPHB) were detected as output indicators, and the actual beds, staffs, the quantity of daily dispensing prescription, hospital grade, the proportion of pharmacy staffs with medium technical titles or above, etc. were detected as input indicators. Last, the above data and the indicators were analyzed with multiple linear regression method. Results and Conclusion There are differences in pharmacy productivities in different hospital sizes and grades.The pharmacy APCIP in hospitals less than 400 beds is 583,100 RMB, in hospitals between 400 and 599 beds is 1,048,700 RMB, in hospitals between 600 and 799 beds is 1,412,000 RMB, and in hospitals greater than 800 beds is 2,050,000 RMB. For hospitals with a relatively small number of beds, increasing the quantity of daily dispensing prescription or reducing the amount of staffs can improve pharmacy productivities. For hospitals with a relatively large number of beds, increasing the proportion of pharmacy staffs with medium technical titles or above, or the proportion of pharmacy staffs with bachelor degree or above can improve pharmacy productivities.
2011, 29(5): 387-388.
Abstract:
Objective To improve the rational application of antibiotics in the perioperative period. Methods Aaccess method and the reference method were used to evaluate the ration of antibiotics application in perioperative from 377 surgical cases in the hospital. Results The prophylactic antibiotics rate was 97.7% in the 181 cases of the I type incision. The rate of preoperative prophylactic antibiotic use within 0.5~2 h rate was 92.5% in the 377 cases. The utility rate of first and second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic was 77.4% after surgery. The rate of joint utility of two antibiotics was 13.5% after surgical operation. 89.9% of antibiotic treatment was finished within 72 h after surgical operation. Conclusion There was the unreasonable situation in the perioperative application of the antibiotics, which need to be improved.
Objective To improve the rational application of antibiotics in the perioperative period. Methods Aaccess method and the reference method were used to evaluate the ration of antibiotics application in perioperative from 377 surgical cases in the hospital. Results The prophylactic antibiotics rate was 97.7% in the 181 cases of the I type incision. The rate of preoperative prophylactic antibiotic use within 0.5~2 h rate was 92.5% in the 377 cases. The utility rate of first and second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic was 77.4% after surgery. The rate of joint utility of two antibiotics was 13.5% after surgical operation. 89.9% of antibiotic treatment was finished within 72 h after surgical operation. Conclusion There was the unreasonable situation in the perioperative application of the antibiotics, which need to be improved.
2011, 29(5): 389-390.
Abstract:
Objective To Optimize the process of prescribing, and ensure the legal utility of electronic prescription. Methods The process of prescribing in the People's Hospital of Shaoxing were analysis. The problems of electronic prescription in practical application were resolved. Results the related processes should be optimizd, and a few appropriate solutions from technical and legal perspective were put forward. Conclusion The relevant laws and regulations should be improved and clarified for prescription without paper and digitization.
Objective To Optimize the process of prescribing, and ensure the legal utility of electronic prescription. Methods The process of prescribing in the People's Hospital of Shaoxing were analysis. The problems of electronic prescription in practical application were resolved. Results the related processes should be optimizd, and a few appropriate solutions from technical and legal perspective were put forward. Conclusion The relevant laws and regulations should be improved and clarified for prescription without paper and digitization.
Research on forward warehouse of military medicine supply to ensure the main medicine-supply channel
2011, 29(5): 391-393.
Abstract:
It was the key point to improve the medicine reserves and supply for ensuring normal medical works in hospital.And it was the new problem for military hospital to ensure the main medicine-supply channel and minimize the opportunities for medicine out of stock while reducing inventory and improving medicine turnover. In this respect, our hospital had made some significant exploration. The warehouse was managed in three levels, the first-level adopted the"zero-stock" management. The warehouse of military medicine supply was moved forward; combat-ready medicine was managed by combination of peacetime and wartime, etc. It produced a marked effect in emergency and the support capabilities of servicing troops were improved, the clinical medicines that often used would not out of stock.
It was the key point to improve the medicine reserves and supply for ensuring normal medical works in hospital.And it was the new problem for military hospital to ensure the main medicine-supply channel and minimize the opportunities for medicine out of stock while reducing inventory and improving medicine turnover. In this respect, our hospital had made some significant exploration. The warehouse was managed in three levels, the first-level adopted the"zero-stock" management. The warehouse of military medicine supply was moved forward; combat-ready medicine was managed by combination of peacetime and wartime, etc. It produced a marked effect in emergency and the support capabilities of servicing troops were improved, the clinical medicines that often used would not out of stock.
2011, 29(5): 394-395,397.
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the characteristics and general pattern of drug adverse reactions (ADR)occurred in our hospital. Methods A total of 107 ADR cases reported in our hospital from Apr.2009 to Mar.2010 were analyzed statistically in respect of patients' age and sex, route of administration, dosage form, category of drug, organs and systems involved in ADR and clinical manifestions etc. Results 69 kind of drug were involved in 107 ADR cases, 48.6% were induced by anti-infective drugs, 81.31% were induced by means of intravenous route, and 35.53% manifested as lesions of skin and its appendants. Conclusion It was necessary to intervene and guide clinical use of drug, strengthen monitoring of ADR and reduce occurrences of ADR.
Objective To investigate the characteristics and general pattern of drug adverse reactions (ADR)occurred in our hospital. Methods A total of 107 ADR cases reported in our hospital from Apr.2009 to Mar.2010 were analyzed statistically in respect of patients' age and sex, route of administration, dosage form, category of drug, organs and systems involved in ADR and clinical manifestions etc. Results 69 kind of drug were involved in 107 ADR cases, 48.6% were induced by anti-infective drugs, 81.31% were induced by means of intravenous route, and 35.53% manifested as lesions of skin and its appendants. Conclusion It was necessary to intervene and guide clinical use of drug, strengthen monitoring of ADR and reduce occurrences of ADR.
2011, 29(5): 398-400.
Abstract:
Pharmacology was the branch of basic medicine and clinical practice, or the branch of medicine and pharmacy, concerned with the study of drug action. The knowledge of pharmacology was difficult to understand or remember clearly because of its complication. To help students improve understanding and memory, tutors were recommended to use techniques of psychology, including summary, imagination, comparison, deduction, association, and so on.
Pharmacology was the branch of basic medicine and clinical practice, or the branch of medicine and pharmacy, concerned with the study of drug action. The knowledge of pharmacology was difficult to understand or remember clearly because of its complication. To help students improve understanding and memory, tutors were recommended to use techniques of psychology, including summary, imagination, comparison, deduction, association, and so on.
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